Representation and interpretation of quantum mixtures in the ESR model

The interpretation of mixtures is problematic in quantum mechanics (QM) because physical properties are nonobjective in this theory. An extended semantic realism model was recently developed, restoring objectivity by reinterpreting quantum probabilities as conditional on detection and embodying the QM mathematical formalism in a broader noncontextual (hence local) framework. In this model, each generalized observable is represented by a family of positive operator-valued measures parameterized by the pure states of the considered physical system $\Omega$. We here propose a new proof that each proper mixture is represented by a family of density operators parameterized by the macroscopic properties characterizing $\Omega$. We then show that this representation implies some predictions differing from the QM predictions and avoids the problems following from the standard QM representation of proper mixtures. We also recall that the state transformations induced by idealized nondestructive measurements can be obtained using a nontrivial generalization of the Lüders postulate.