Thermochemistry of Organic Derivatives of Non-transition Elements

Studies of the enthalpies of formation ($\Delta H_f^0$) of a wide variety of organic derivatives of non-transition Group I–VI elements ($450$ substances), described in the literature, are discussed. The recommended values of $\Delta H_f^0$ are tabulated and different versions of the enthalpy of combustion method and reaction calorimetry, used to determine the enthalpies of formation, are examined; the characteristic features, advantages, and disadvantages of specific experimental techniques are noted. All the thermochemical quantities quoted have been recalculated taking into account up to date initial data. The average dissociation energies $(\overline D)$ of $115$ chemical bonds, formed by non-transition elements $(\mathrm{E}^{\text{nt}})$ in their organic compounds, have been calculated from the enthalpies of formation. The regular variation of the quantity $\overline D(\mathrm{E}^{\text{nt}}-R)$, where $R$ is an organic group, with the atomic number of the element $\mathrm{E}^{\text{nt}}$ down the corresponding Group in the Periodic System is demonstrated. The influence of the nature of the organic group on $\overline D(\mathrm{E}^{\text{нп}}-R)$ is described.
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