Abstract:
The theme of our talk is devoted to the history of the formation of classical differential geometry. We will present an overview of the results obtained in the XVIII century by Leonard Euler, one of the creators of this field of mathematics. His results can be divided into three groups: 1) results on the theory of curves in the plane; 2) results on the theory of curves in space; 3) results on the theory of surfaces. It is shown how Euler used infinitesimal analysis tools to solve problems of geometry and cartography. In addition, his predecessors and followers in the development of differential geometry are noted. The study used both the published works of L. Euler and his unpublished notebooks, which made it possible to clarify the dates of obtaining a particular result in this area.
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