The trajectories of the particles of a viscous fluid under wave motion

The motion of the particles of a viscous incompressible fluid caused by the proliferation of free surface waves of small amplitude is considered. The equations of motion of fluid particles in the presence of a traveling or a standing wave on the surface of an infinitely deep layer are obtained. At the propagation of a traveling wave the trajectories are spirals the centers of which correspond to a state of rest. The effect of viscosity is manifested as a decrease in the amplitude of oscillations over time, as well as by the fact that the trajectories of particles near the free surface and at burial are of different form. In the case of a standing wave the motion of each particle goes at intervals the length of which decreases with time. The direction of motion changes from the vertical at the antinodes to the horizontal at the nodes.