Modeling the accumulation of damages and the failure of ceramic composites Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$-ZrO$_{2}$, obtained by additive technologies, under high-speed loading

Functional ceramic composite materials are widely used in industry due to their high strength, hardness, high operating temperature, and chemical inertness. Among the most famous types of functional ceramics are the ceramic composites based on the Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$-20%ZrO$_{2}$ system. In this work, the effect of the loading rate on the crack resistance is studied as well as the effect of the crack resistance of ceramic composites Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$-20%t-ZrO$_{2}$ with a mass content of submicron t-ZrO$_{2}$ particles on the high-speed compression of model specimens in shock waves and on the high-speed tension in the region of interaction of unloading waves. It is established that nonlinear effects of the mechanical behavior of ceramic composites ZrO$_{2}$-Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ with a transformation-hardened matrix obtained by additive technologies are manifested at shock loading amplitudes close to or exceeding the Hugoniot elastic limit. Nonlinear effects under intense dynamic impacts on the considered composites are associated with the processes of self-organization of deformation regimes at a mesoscopic level, as well as with the occurrence of martensitic phase transformations in the matrix volumes, which are adjacent to strengthening particles. The modeling approach presented in this work can be used to determine the dynamic characteristics of ceramic composites up to shock loads of 1000 m/s.