Non-Stationary Crystallization of Water with a Mushy Layer in the Turbulent and Non-Turbulent Boundary Conditions

In the present work, we developed a mathematical model of the solidification processes from a cooling by an arbitrary law boundaries in the presence of mushy layer for non-isothermal solution (sea water) in the absence and presence of turbulence in the liquid at the boundary between the mushy layer and liquid phase of the system. The distribution of temperature, impurity concentration and the solid phase fraction in all regions of the process, and also the law of motion of the solid phase – mushy layer boundary were found. We consider two scenarios of the process: with no solid phase (which describes the solidification with some needle-shaped crystals) and with some (which describes the solidification of a blunt-end crystals) portion of the solid phase at the boundary of mushy layer and liquid. The results of the developed theory are in good agreement with observations.