Modeling of ecological efficiency of introduction of solar energy complexes for heat generation

The purpose of the study is to define and justify the criteria for assessing the environmental efficiency and safety of solar power technology based on the comparison and analysis of environmental and energy characteristics of the existing stations and facilities, and to create a model for evaluating the performance of solar power plants. The simulation is based on the solution of equations of criteria consisting of a number of integral factors with such controlled and uncontrolled parameters such as criteria of environmental safety of atmosphere, water and soil pollution with harmful emissions; criteria of influence of the weather conditions (wind speed, humidity, temperature, and amount of sunshine) on the environment; the criteria of land exclusion occupied by the installation; safety and labor criteria, taking into account the specifics and peculiarities of operation of energy facilities. In this model we consider a system of energy equations correlating with energy balances thermal energy for heating water in boilers and solar plants; energy released from the combustion of fuel in boilers and heat of solar radiation incident on a certain area of the territory. The factors that contribute to environmental safety of introduction of solar energy installations are determined. The calculations of effectiveness evaluation criteria of the implementation of energy systems according to average figures, taking into account the favorable weather conditions and the average cost of land for standard boilers and solar power stations, have shown that at present it is expedient to implemen combined power stations operating on natural gas and solar energy.