Electron structure of surfaces of nontransition metals

An account is given of the current status of research on the energy band structure and some physical properties of crystalline surfaces of nontransition metals: alkali and alkaline earth metals, those with the hcp structure, and aluminum. The characteristics and properties of the surface states and resonances, which can be used to distinguish them from the bulk energy spectrum both in experimental investigations and in calculations by various methods, are described. The results of calculations of the work function and surface energy are presented in summary form. The problems concerning relaxation of the surfaces are discussed.