Minimal chaos, stochastic webs, and structures of quasicrystal symmetry

The relationship between the problem of the symmetry of a plane tiling and the properties of nonintegrable dynamic systems is reviewed. The formation of stochastic layers and a stochastic web in the motion of linear and nonlinear oscillators subjected to a perturbation is discussed in detail. Emphasis is placed on research on the symmetry properties of a stochastic web with a fractal structure of a quasicrystal type. Structures with a quasicrystal symmetry form as a result of an interaction of two types of symmetries: translational and rotational. Various characteristics of structures with a quasicrystal symmetry are discussed: the distributions of stable and unstable points, the state density, and the Fourier spectrum. Quasicrystal structures in solid state physics, hydrodynamics, botany, and ornamental art are discussed.