New effects in and control of exciton systems in quasi-two-dimensional structures

New effects in systems of quantum dipoles are discussed, such as anisotropic superfluidity in external fields, strong correlations, crystallization, and the supersolid phase. Roton instability effects typical of strongly correlated Bose systems but also manifesting themselves in weakly interacting systems of titled dipoles are analyzed. Among the interesting physical realizations of the systems under consideration are dipole excitons in single or coupled quantum wells under a strong transverse electric field and in van der Waals heterostructures of new 2D materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). The use at ultralow temperatures of polar molecules or atoms with permanent or external-field-induced dipoles is also interesting, as are Rydberg atoms in an external electric field.