Rotational explosion mechanism for collapsing supernovae and the two-stage neutrino signal from supernova 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud

The two-stage (double) signal produced by the outburst of the close supernova (SN) in the Large Magellanic Cloud, which started on and involved two neutrino signals during the night 22–23 February 1987 UT is theoretically interpreted in terms of a scenario of rotationally exploding collapsing SNs, to whose class the outburst undoubtedly belongs. This scenario consists of a set of hydrodynamic and kinetic models in which key results are obtained by numerically solving non-one-dimensional and non-stationary problems. Of vital importance in this context is the inclusion of rotation effects, their role being particularly significant precisely for the problem which considers the transformation of the original collapse of the iron core to the explosion of the SN shell, with an energy release on a familiar scale of $10^{51}$ erg. The collapse in itself leads to the birth of neutron stars (black holes), emitting neutrino and gravitational radiation signals of gigantic intensity, whose total energy significantly (by a factor of hundreds) exceeds the above-cited SN burst energy. The proposed rotational scenario is described briefly by artificially dividing it into three (or four) characteristic stages. This division is dictated by the physical meaning of the chain of events a rotating iron core of a sufficiently massive (more than $10M_\odot$ star triggers when it collapses. An attempt is made to quantitatively describe the properties of the associated neutrino and gravitational radiations. The review highlight the interpretation of the two-stage neutrino signal from the SN 1987A, a problem, which, given the present status of theoretical astrophysics, cannot, in the authores view, be solved without including rotation effects.