Modeling shock loading of multicomponent materials including bismuth

The behavior of multicomponent mixtures and alloys, including bismuth, under high dynamic loads is described by the thermodynamically equilibrium (TEC) model. For condensed phases, the Mie–Grüneisen-type equation of state with regard to the Grüneisen coefficient depending on temperature is used, and gas in pores is among the main environmental components. The model used makes it possible to calculate the behavior of bismuth and materials based on this element (mixtures and alloys) for pressures higher than $6$ GPa in one-velocity and one-temperature approximations on the assumption that the pressure is identical for all phases. The calculation results have been compared with the known experimental data and the model calculations performed by different researchers for porosity values varying from $1$ to $3$. It has been indicated that the model reliably describes shock loading of solid and porous bismuth as well as multicomponent alloys containing bismuth.