Comparative analysis of the role of atom and ion spectral lines in radiative heating of four types of space capsules

This paper presents the results of two-dimensional calculation of radiative heating of the Fire-II, Stardust, Orion, and PPTS (Prospected Piloted Transport System, Russia) spacecraft entering the dense atmosphere of the Earth with orbital and superorbital velocities. A specificity of the simulation is the allowance for atom and ion spectral lines with use of the NERAT-ASTEROID computer platform. This computer platform is destined for solving the complete system of equations of radiative gas dynamics of viscous, heatconducting, and physically and chemically nonequilibrium gas and radiative transfer in two- and threedimensional geometries. The spectral and optical properties of high-temperature gases are calculated in the entire flow field by ab-initio quasi-classical and quantum mechanical methods. The selective heat radiation transfer was calculated by the line-by-line method on specially generated computational grids over the radiation wavelength, which make possible appreciable saving of computer resources while providing detailed description of the contours of atomic lines.