Holographic thermalization

We consider the transition of a quantum field system toward the state of thermal equilibrium based on the holographic description using the duality between the quantum field system in the $d$-dimensional Minkowski space and the gravity theory in the $(d+1)$-dimensional anti-de Sitter space. In this construction, the thermalization in the $d$-dimensional space is described in the holographic language as the formation of a black hole in the $(d+1)$-dimensional space. We use a holographic model of thermalization of the quark–gluon plasma describing the black hole formation by the Vaidya metric. We show that evaporation of the black hole, also modeled by the Vaidya metric, leads to an interesting effect in the $d$-dimensional space: thermalization occurs only at small distances and is impossible in the infrared region. In the considered model, the thermal behavior at small distances is possible only during a certain time, after which the dethermalization process begins.