On the compact real forms of the Lie algebras of type $E_6$ and $F_4$

We give a construction of the compact real form of the Lie algebra of type $E_6$, using the finite irreducible subgroup of shape $3^{3+3}:\operatorname{SL}_3(3)$, which is isomorphic to a maximal subgroup of the orthogonal group $\Omega_7(3)$. In particular we show that the algebra is uniquely determined by this subgroup. Conversely, we prove from first principles that the algebra satisfies the Jacobi identity, and thus give an elementary proof of existence of a Lie algebra of type $E_6$. The compact real form of $F_4$ is exhibited as a subalgebra.