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Discrete mathematics and mathematical cybernetics
All tight descriptions of major $3$-paths in $3$-polytopes without $3$-vertices
Ts. Ch.-D. Batueva, O. V. Borodin, A. O. Ivanova, D. V. Nikiforov Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, 4, Koptyuga ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Abstract:
A $3$-path $uvw$ is an $(i,j,k)$-path if $d(u)\le i$, $d(v)\le j$,
and $d(w)\le k$, where $d(x)$ is the degree of a vertex $x$. It is
well-known that each $3$-polytope has a vertex of degree at most $5$,
called minor. A description of $3$-paths in a $3$-polytope is minor or
major if the central item of each its triplet is at most 5 or at
least $6$, respectively.
Back in 1922, Franklin proved that each $3$-polytope with minimum
degree 5 has a $(6,5,6)$-path, which description is tight.
Recently, Borodin and Ivanova extended Franklin's theorem by
producing all the ten tight minor descriptions of $3$-paths in the class
$\mathbf{P_4}$ of $3$-polytopes with minimum degree at least $4$.
In 2016, Borodin and Ivanova proved that each polytope with
minimum degree $5$ has a $(5,6,6)$-path, and there exists no tight
description of $3$-paths in this class of $3$-polytopes other than
$\{(6,5,6)\}$ and $\{(5,6,6)\}$.
The purpose of this paper is to prove that there exist precisely
the following four major tight descriptions of $3$-paths in $\mathbf{
P_4}$: $\{(4,9,4),(4,7,5),(5,6,6)\}$, $\{(4,9,4),(5,7,6)\}$,
$\{(4,9,5),(5,6,6)\}$, and $\{(5,9,6)\}$.
Keywords:
plane graph, $3$-polytope, structural properties, $3$-path, tight description.
Received March 25, 2021, published April 22, 2021
Citation:
Ts. Ch.-D. Batueva, O. V. Borodin, A. O. Ivanova, D. V. Nikiforov, “All tight descriptions of major $3$-paths in $3$-polytopes without $3$-vertices”, Sib. Èlektron. Mat. Izv., 18:1 (2021), 456–463
Linking options:
https://www.mathnet.ru/eng/semr1372 https://www.mathnet.ru/eng/semr/v18/i1/p456
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Abstract page: | 165 | Full-text PDF : | 64 | References: | 19 |
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