The Structure and Reactivity of 3-Hydroxypyridine Derivatives in Electrophilic Substitution

The structure and reactivity of 3-hydroxypyridine and its derivatives in electrophilic substitution are considered and the problems concerning the mechanism and direction of electrophilic substitution in 3-hydroxypyridines are discussed as a function of the type of reaction, its conditions, and the nature of the substituent in the 3-hydroxypyridine ring. The reactivities of 3-hydroxypyridines are compared with the results of theoretical calculations by the Hückel molecular orbital and the Pariser–Parr–Pople method. Data for the biological activities of various 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives are presented.
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