Acid–Base Equilibria in Amphiprotic Solvents and Potentiometric Titration

Modern ideas about acid–base equilibria in amphiprotic solvents (acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, ketones, and others) are discussed. Data are presented for the homoconjugation constants of phenol and benzoic acid derivatives in these solvents and the calculation of acid–base titration curves is described. The question of the solvent acidity scales and their relative positions on a unique acidity scale are discussed. Factors limiting the solvent acidity scale calculated from its autoprotolysis constant are considered. Data are presented for the measured relative (practical) acidity scales for non-aqueous solvents and their mixtures in potentiometric titration. The optimal conditions chosen for acid–base titration are justified.
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