Differentiating Effect of Amphiprotic Solvents in Relation to Phenol and Benzoic Acid Derivatives

The review deals with the methods of estimating the differentiating effect of amphiprotic solvents on the acid strengths of phenol and benzoic acid derivatives. New literature data are presented for the dissociation constants and halfneutralisation potentials of electrolytes of the above classes. The possibility of using the Hammett equation to characterise the differentiating effect of solvents is discussed. The available literature values of the autoprotolysis constants of amphiprotic solvents are analysed critically. The problem of the relation between the parameters characterising the differentiating effect of amphiprotic solvents is considered particularly as regards individual groups of electrolytes and the autoprotolysis constant. The causes of the different differentiating capacities of amphiprotic solvents in relation to phenols and benzoic acids are discussed.
The bibliography includes 119 references.