Mechanism of heat-and-mass transfer caused by irradiation of a free melt surface by laser pulses

The conditions for the onset and evolution dynamics of flooded jets, which were discovered for the first time upon irradiation of the free surface of melted paraffin by laser pulses, are studied experimentally. Their maximum speed and penetration depth are measured. It is shown that the initiation of flooded jets has a threshold nature and strongly affects the heat-and-mass transfer. A pattern of flows is presented, which displays the evolution dynamics of flooded jets and thermocapillary vortexes in a bounded volume under repetitively pulsed irradiation of the melt surface.