Numerical simulation of the evolution of an intense 0π pulse and formation of an optical breather at the inhomogeneously broadened resonance quantum transition

The interaction of a sufficiently intense 0π pulse with the inhomogeneously broadened resonance quantum transition is studied numerically in the slowly varying envelope approximation. The formation of a single optical breather and evolution of the population of energy levels related to it are described. It is found that in the quasi-resonance case, two 2π pulses of the same duration with different frequencies appear instead of the breather at a large distance. The frequency modulation also prevents the formation of the breather, giving rise to one 2π pulse or two 2π pulses of different frequencies and different durations. The results of numerical analysis of the known experiment on the observation of the 0π pulse in a ruby crystal are presented. It is shown that due to the presence of irreversible relaxation in this experiment, an optical breather was detected at the stage of its transformation to a weak 0π pulse.