Adaptive reconstruction of images of coherently illuminated objects observed across a randomly inhomogeneous medium using a "polarization" sharpness function

A study is made of adaptive reconstruction of images of coherently illuminated objects by successive maximization of the sharpness function between cells of an adaptive element. It is shown that the complex form of this sharpness function prevents us from finding its absolute maximum and reconstructing the image of an object. A new sharpness function is proposed and its use minimizes the integral energy of the field reflected from an object and transmitted by an analyzer, the transmission of which is opposite to the distribution of the polarization established in the projection plane of an object by illumination sources. It is shown that the absolute minimum of the "polarization" sharpness function corresponds to compensation of phase distortions and that successive search between the cells of an adaptive element is possible if the distribution of the polarization is established by two coherent mutually orthogonal polarized-like sources separated by a small distance. A practical way of performing adaptive reconstruction of images is proposed for an optical observation system.