Modulation transfer function of phase holograms

The frequency characteristics were determined for the diffraction of light by a phase hologram with a sinusoidal distribution of the refractive index. For the range intermediate between the Raman–Nath (thin holograms) and Bragg (thick holograms) diffraction mechanisms the characteristics were calculated on a computer and plotted as the frequency dependences of the intensity of light in the first positive, zeroth, and first negative orders for different modulation depths. These graphs could be used conveniently to determine the parameters of holograms needed to ensure a specified diffraction efficiency and uniformity of the modulation transfer function.