Investigation of the diffusion of titanium into $LiNbO_3$ in the fabrication of optical waveguides

A study was made of the dependence of the transverse refractive index distribution in $Ti$-diffused $LiNbO_3$ crystals on the diffusion time. A mathematical model was proposed for the process of titanium diffusion into $LiNbO_3$. A method was developed for predicting the characteristics of optical diffused waveguides fabricated in different ways. Data were obtained on the dispersion of the waveguide parameters in the wavelength range 0.44-1.15$\mu m$.