Abstract:
Let d be an integer. Denote by
KZ(d)={(a,b,c)∈Z3b2−4ac=d}
the set of lattice points lying on the hyperboloid
{(x1,x2,x3)∈R3:x22−4x1x2=d},
which is hyperbolic in the case d<0 and elliptic in the case d>0. Also, we denote
K+Z(d)={(a,b,c)∈KZ(d)c>0}.
The set KZ(d) is non-empty if and only if d≡0,1(mod4).
Such numbers d≠0 are called as discriminants because the elements of the set
KZ(d) parametrize the binary quadratic forms Q(u,v)=au2+buv+cv2
of discriminant d with integers coefficients. Next, let δq(m)=1
if m≡0(modq), and δq(m)=0
otherwise. Then Dirichlet series
+∞∑c=1(∑b(mod2c)δ4c(b2−d))1cs=ζ(s)ζ(2s)Gd(s)(d≠n2)
converges absolutely in the half -plane ℜs>1
and determines the entire function Gd(s). The following theorem holds true:
Theorem. Suppose that d≠n2, d≡0,1(mod4), and let φ(x,y) be any smooth complex-valued function
over R×(0,+∞) with a compact support. Then, for any fixed ε>0 we have}
∑(a,b,c)∈K+Z(d)φ(b2c,√|d|2c)=