Abstract:
Laplace operator Δ=u2(∂2x+∂2u) has infinite discrete spectrum
{λn},
Δφn+λnφn=0,φn∈L2(F,dμ),dμ=dxduu2(,λn⩾0,
in fundamental domain
F={z=x+iy|y>0,|z|>1,|x|<12}
of modular group PSL(2,Z). Also, it has a continuous spectrum mapping the interval[14,+∞).
In his “Shur Lectures” (Tel -Aviv, 1992), P. Sarnack suggested that this discrete spectrum
{λn} should play a key role in number theory.
In the talk, we will discuss a proof of the following new theorem:
Theorem.Let x⩾3 and suppose that 0<t⩽x−4(lnxp)−2,p⩾20. Then the following formula holds: ψ(x)=2√πt∑n⩾0e−tr2n∑2⩽k⩽xkcos(2rnlnk)+R(x),|R(x)|⩽cx2√t(lnx)2(⩽c(lnx)3(.
\emph{Here ψ(x) denotes Chebyshev's function, the sequence rn is defined by the relations λn=r2n+14, and c is some computable constant.}
Therefore, the fact that the discrete spectrum {λn} determine prime number distribution, is established.