Computation of gas–dynamic parameters and heat transfer in supersonic turbulent separated flows near backward–facing steps

Computation results of plane turbulent flows in the vicinity of backward–facing steps with leeward–face angles $\beta=8$, $25$, and $45^\circ$ for Mach numbers $\mathrm{M}_\infty = 3$ and $4$ are presented. The averaged Navier–Stokes equations supplemented by the Wilcox model of turbulence are used as a mathematical model. The boundary–layer equations were also used for the case of an attached flow ($\beta=8^\circ$). The computed and experimental distributions of surface pressure and skin friction, the velocity and pressure fields, and the heat–transfer coefficients are compared.