In 1988, he received B.Sc degree in Physics-Electronics & Instrumentation from Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia. His M.Sc. degree is in Physics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA in 1994 and Ph.D in Physics & Electronics Engineering (Optical Sensing) from the University of New England, Armidale, Australia in 2001. He worked at Nanyang Technological University, Republic Polytechnic and Nitto Denko Asia Technical Centre. Currently, he works as a lecturer at Mechanical Engineering Department, Gunadarma University, Indonesia.

• Gunadarma University