Development and experimental testing of a rotary direct wind lidar system based on Fabry–Perot interferometer technology

A 532-nm Rayleigh–Mie Doppler lidar system based on three-channel Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) technology was developed to measure wind speed from the bottom of the troposphere to the top of the stratosphere. An FPI transmittance calibration experiment and laser frequency stability experiments were carried out, resulting in the accuracy of the emitted laser frequency falling within 8 MHz. In addition, multiple sets of radial wind speed detection experiments were conducted during day and night, and the results of horizontal wind speed detection experiments were compared with those from balloon radiosonde. Results showed that, although the signal-to-noise ratio is not high, due to factors such as the size of the telescope aperture and the low optical coupling efficiency of the system, the overall performance of the verification system is good. When the spatiotemporal resolution of a single radial wind speed measurement is 2 min and 75 m, the system has the ability to detect the wind field in the height range of 16 km. In the height range of roughly 2 km to 12 km, the horizontal wind speed of the system and the balloon radiosonde were compared, revealing a direct correlation between the data that exceeded 0.8. Thus, the accuracy of the system.s wind speed measurement results was fully verified.