The characteristics of TiO$_2$ anatase from Tulungagung sand as an antibacterial material

TiO$_2$ anatase is a material that has good photocatalytic properties. The synthesis of TiO$_2$ anatase from Tulungagung natural sand used the leaching method. The synthesized samples were characterized by TGA, XRD, FTIR, BET, SEM, UV-DRS and tested for antibacterial effect. In this study, the TiO$_2$ anatase phase was already formed and experiencing three stages of weight loss. It had stretching vibration of the OH group, had a bending mode of water Ti–OH, and Ti–O–Ti at wavenumbers 4000 to 400 cm$^{-1}$. It also had a mesoporous size, was spherical with a grain size of 58 nm and had an energy gap of 3.42 eV. TiO$_2$ anatase with a 600 $\mu$g/mL concentration could reduce Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Therefore, TiO$_2$ anatase has the potential in an antibacterial agent.