On some approach to solving population ecology problems

Modeling based on properties and processes of individuals (individual-based modeling) began to use in the quantitative ecology. In this paper such a model has been proposed for study of a lemming (tundra mammal of the field-vole subfamily) population. The model was oriented to using the direct simulation Monte Carlo method that has been developed and successfully applied to solving numerous rarefied gas dynamics problems. The model takes into account the following processes: 1) displacement of person inside of natural living habitat, 2) guarding an individual region around a hole, 3) encounters with other persons, 4) pregnancy and birth of posterity, 5) nourishment and hungry during different seasons and some others. Numerous calculations confirmed a model efficiency. For example, for some set of the model parameters an average period of a population cycling was equal to 3 years. The same value was fixed in field experiments at Taimir peninsula.