Optimal control of sustainable development in biological rehabilitation of the Azov Sea

The article is devoted to the application of the concept of sustainable development management to the task of combating the eutrophication of shallow water (on the example of the Azov Sea). When describing the state dynamics of the reservoir are PDEs that are solved numerically by a finite difference method. Dynamic problem of minimizing the cost of ecosystem maintaining of the reservoir in defined condition, which is interpreted as the requirement of sustainable development, is solved. Research and forecast complex was developed, which include mathematical models of hydrobiology of shallow water, a database of environmental data, and program library, used to design of development scenarios of ecological condition in the Azov Sea. The forecast of changes of concentration of malicious blue-green algae due to water pollution of shallow water by nutrients, which are caused rapid growth of these algae, was given. The influence of the spatial distribution of temperature, salinity on biological treatment of the Azov Sea through the introduction of green algaes, displaced toxic blue-green algaes. Using deigned research and forecast complex that is used the materials of expedition works, we can study the key mechanisms of formation of horizontal and vertical zones in the distribution of concentrations of nutrients, oxygen and plankton populations, to set the values of parameters control the amount of hydrogen sulfide and hypoxemic zones, to evaluate the possibility of biological treatment of the waters of the Azov Sea with the help of his introduction green algae Chlorella vulgaris BIN, followed by displacement of toxic most common in shallow waters the blue-green algae, such as Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, to rank eco-efficiency control factors the stability of the species composition of phytoplankton, including " algal bloom" of microalgae. Examples of numerical calculations and the analysis of the obtained results were given.