Fundamentals of physical modeling of “ideal” agroecosystems

The scientific and technical fundamentals of physical modeling of “ideal agroecosystems” characterized by a high degree of controllability of the matter and energy flows between the environment and plants with accompanying biota are presented. In these systems, it becomes possible to maximize the genetically determined potential of any agricultural crop, creating ecologically harmonious optimized highly efficient microclimate–variety (hybrid)–technology complexes for obtaining consistently high yields of quality plant production. It was shown that the creation of such agroecosystems is possible with a comprehensive approach, including optimization of the light, air, and root-inhabited environments in accordance with the requirements of a particular crop. The creation of the agroecosystem requires the production or selection of hybrids and varieties providing high yields of high-quality plant products in a regulated agroecosystem, as well as monitoring the physiological state of plants and detecting stress at the early stages using noninvasive physical methods. The use of high-quality seeds based on the results of a nondamaging express assessment of internal defects by X-ray in combination with morphometric analysis. Development and application of highly effective environmentally friendly growth and metabolism regulators is also needed for such agroecosystem.