Quasi-two-dimensional and three-dimensional turbulence in rotational spherical liquid layers

Turbulent flows of a viscous incompressible fluid in a layer between rotating concentric spheres under the action of the modulation of the velocity of one of the spheres have been studied experimentally and numerically. The possibility of the formation of turbulence with spectra qualitatively similar to spectra obtained in measurements in the upper atmosphere is established: with the slope close to $-3$ at low frequencies and close to $-5/3$ at high frequencies and with the negative third-order longitudinal velocity structure function. It has been shown that such spectra are formed in the regions of a flow that are strongly synchronized under the action of the modulation of the rotation velocity.