The optimal measurements theory as a new paradigm in the metrology

The article is an overview and contains a brief history of the theory of optimal dynamic measurements as one of the paradigms in Metrology. The introduction contains the main provisions of the paradigmatic concept of T. Kuhn and its criticism by P. Feyerabend from anarchist point of view. The conclusion about the coexistence of conflicting paradigms within the same science is made. In the first part, a mathematical model of measuring transducer is described and the conditions for the existence of a unique precise optimal dynamic measurement are given. In the second part, various approximate optimal measurements are proposed and the conditions for convergence of the sequence of approximate dynamic measurements to the precise optimal measurement are specified. The third part contains an approach to the study of a stochastic mathematical model of a measuring transducer based on the Nelson – Gliklikh derivative of the stochastic process. In the conclusion, the ways of further possible research are outlined. The list of publications contains all available sources related to the issue.