The SPIDER code. Solution of tokamak plasma equilibrium problem with anisotropic pressure and rotation

In the MHD tokamak plasma theory plasma pressure is usually assumed to be isotropic. However, plasma heating by neutral beam injection and RF heating can lead to a strong anisotropy of plasma parameters and rotation of the plasma [1]. The development of MHD equilibrium theory with the plasma inertia and the anisotropic pressure began a long time ago [2-5], but until now it has not been consistently applied in computational codes for engineering calculations of the plasma equilibrium and evolution in tokamak.
This paper is devoted to description of the version of the SPIDER code [6-7] for numerical simulation of the tokamak plasma equilibrium with the toroidal rotation and pressure anisotropy. In the section 2 a detailed derivation of the axisymmetric plasma equilibrium in the most general form (with arbitrary rotation and anisotropic pressure) and a method of calculation of the equilibrium with anisotropic pressure and prescribed rotational transform are given. Examples of calculations and discussion of the results are presented in the section 3-5.