On extreme properties of the genetic code markup

This work is concerned with the study of regularities of the genetic code. We have shown that the genetic code markup, i.e. the codon set separation into semantic and terminator parts is the solution of a number of optimization problems. Existing genetic code markup provides the maximum possible stability of the genetic information structure with respect to two classes of fault: reading with offset and point mutations. Also it corresponds to the simplest organic compounds prevalence in nature on the origin of life stage in the best way. Two information criteria together with the chemical evolutionary criterion limits the optimal markups set to the less then one thousandth part of this set’s power.