Mathematical modelling of trade flows

The paper considers the derivation of an equation of commodity flows formation at some geographic landscape. The equation is coincident to the two-dimensional heat equation with variable coefficients. This fact allows analyzing of complicated economical and historical processes using modern mathematical methods which are enough studied and developed. The model was approved by construction of a model of the Silk Roads. The results of this modeling are well coincident with the historical data. The method of estimation of transport conductivity is also proposed. It was used in the Silk Roads simulation in order to calculate parameters of the transport network pattern.