Penetration of shaped charges with semi-spherical and semi-ellipsoidal liners of degressive thickness

This paper presents a comparative computational analysis of the penetration of shaped charges with copper liners in the form of a cone of progressive thickness with a cone angle of 60$^\circ$, an equal-thickness hemisphere, a hemisphere and semi-ellipsoid of degressive (decreasing from top to bottom) thickness. The polar semiaxis of the semi-ellipsoid liner slightly exceeded the equatorial semiaxis. The parameters of the generated shaped jets were determined by numerical simulation within the framework of a two-dimensional axisymmetric problem of continuum mechanics, and the depth of their penetration into a steel target was determined using an engineering technique that takes into account the influence of the manufacturing accuracy of charges. The parameters of the liners of degressive thickness were selected so that the speed of the head of the jets formed from them was close to the speed provided by conical liners. In this case, the penetration of the shaped charge with a hemispherical liner of degressive thickness was significantly lower than that of the charge with a conical liner, and the latter, in turn, was slightly inferior in the maximum depth of penetration to the charge with a semi-ellipsoidal liner. The physical reasons for the results are discussed.