Review on advanced energetic materials for insensitive munition formulations

Insensitive munitions are munitions that are chemically stable enough to withstand thermal, mechanical, or electrical stimuli during storage and transportation, and can still explode as intended to defeat their targets. Extensive programmes have evolved worldwide for the development and introduction of insensitive munitions (IMs). The use of insensitive energetic materials significantly improves the protection of modern nuclear warheads and increases the survivability of conventional munitions in hustle environment. The most basic level to obtain insensitive munitions is the use of intrinsic insensitive energetic materials, either by synthesizing new, less sensitive crystalline materials or by improving the physical properties of existing sensitive materials. In light of the growing importance of insensitive munitions, this review paper brings out some potential insensitive energetic materials and plasticizers emphasizing their significant role in the development of futuristic IM formulations. This review also concisely brings out the recent work carried out globally, including India, on the development of advanced energetic materials and their insensitive energetic formulations