Explosive eruption of volcanoes: some approaches to simulation

This paper gives results from experimental studies of the structure dynamics of liquid samples with viscosity in the range 0.001–2.6 Pa $\cdot$ sec during their breakdown as a result of dynamic decompression. Studies of the breakdown of liquid mixtures and liquids saturated with carbon dioxide have shown that in the indicated range of viscosity, the breakdown develops by a combination mechanism which involves the development of bubble cavitation and the formation of a system of large bubble clusters and gas slugs in them due to bubble coalescence. In this case, the flow structure changes markedly: discontinuous flow with vertical flow stratification develops accompanied by separation into jets with their subsequent breakup into drops. The probability of the presence of crystalline clusters in magma and their effect on the structure of “cavitating magma-crystalline clusters” type flows is discussed.