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To the Post’s coset theorem
A. M. Gal'maka, N. A. Shchuchkinb a Mogilev State Foodstaffs University
b Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University
Abstract:
In the theory of polyadic groups plays an important role groups $A^*$ and $A_0$,
appearing in Post's Coset Theorem [2],
asserts that for every $n$-ary groups $\langle
A, [~] \rangle$ exists a group of $A^*$, in which there is
normal subgroup $A_0$ such that the factor group $A^* / A_0$ —
cyclic group of order $n-1$. Generator $xA_0$
this cyclic group is the $n$-ary group with $n$-ary
operation derived from operation in the group $A^*$, wherein
$n$-ary groups $\langle A, [~] \rangle$ and $\langle
xA_0, [~] \rangle$ isomorphic. Group $A^*$ is called the Post's universal
covering group, and the group $A_0$ — appropriate
group.
The article begins with a generalization of the Post's Coset Theorem:
for every $n$-ary groups $\langle A, [~] \rangle$,
$n = k(m-1)+1$, the Post's universal
covering group $A^*$
has a normal subgroup $^m \!A$ such that the factor group
$A^* / ^m \!A$ — cyclic group of order $m-1$. Moreover,
$A_0 \subseteq ~^m \!A \subseteq A^*$ and $^m \!A / A_0$ - cyclic
group of order $k$.
In this paper we study the permutability of elements in $n$-ary group.
In particular, we study the $m$-semi-commutativity in $n$-ary groups,
which is a generalization of of the well-known concepts of commutativity
and semi-commutativity.
Recall that the $n$-ary group $\langle
A, [~] \rangle$ is called abelian if it contains any
substitution $\sigma$ of the set $\{1,2, \ldots, n \}$ true identity
$$ [a_1a_2 \ldots a_n] =
[a_{\sigma (1)} a_{\sigma (2)} \ldots a_{\sigma (n)}], $$ and $n$-ary
group $\langle A, [~] \rangle$ is called a semi-abelian if it
true identity
$$ [aa_1 \ldots a_{n-2} b] = [ba_1 \ldots a_{n-2} a]. $$
Summarizing these two definitions, E. Post called $n$-ary group
$\langle A, [~] \rangle$ $m$-semi-abelian if $m-1$ divides $n-1$ and
$$ (aa_1 \ldots a_{m-2} b, ba_1 \ldots a_{m-2} a) \in \theta_A $$ for
any $a, a_1, \ldots, a_{m-2}, b \in A$.
We have established a new criterion of $m$-semi-commutativity of $n$-ary group,
formulated by a subgroup $^m \!A$ of
the Post's universal covering group: $n$-ary group $\langle A, [~] \rangle$
is $m$-semi-abelian if and only if the group
$^m \! A$ is abelian.
For $n = k(m-1)+1$ by fixed elements
$c_1, \ldots, c_{m-2} \in A$ on $n$-ary group of $\langle
A, [~] \rangle$ construct $(k+1)$-ary group $\langle
A, [~]_{k+1, c_1 \ldots c_{m- 2}} \rangle$. On the coset
$A^{(m-1)}$ in generalized Post's Coset Theorem construct $(k+1)$-ary
group $\langle A^{(m-1)}, [~]_{k+1} \rangle$. Proved
isomorphism of constructed $(k+1)$-ary groups. This isomorphism
allows us to prove another criterion $m$-semi-commutativity $n$-ary
group: $n$-ary group $\langle A, [~] \rangle$ is $m$-semi-abelian
if and only if for some $c_1, \ldots, c_{m-2} \in
A$ $(k+1)$-ary group $\langle A, [~]_{k+1, c_1 \ldots
c_{m-2}} \rangle$ is abelian.
Bibliography: 16 titles.
Keywords:
$n$-ary group, semi-commutativity, coset.
Received: 19.05.2014
Citation:
A. M. Gal'mak, N. A. Shchuchkin, “To the Post’s coset theorem”, Chebyshevskii Sb., 15:2 (2014), 6–20
Linking options:
https://www.mathnet.ru/eng/cheb337 https://www.mathnet.ru/eng/cheb/v15/i2/p6
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